I-Aperture yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yekhamera yokusondeza, kunye ne-algorture ye-algorithm iya kuchaphazela umgangatho womfanekiso. Okulandelayo, siza kwazisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-aperture kunye nobunzulu bentsimi kwikhamera ye-zoom ngokweenkcukacha, ukukunceda uqonde ukuba yintoni isangqa sendibano.

1. Yintoni i-Aperture?

I-Aperture sisixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukulawula isixa sokukhanya okungena kwilensi.

Kwilensi yenziweyo, asinakutshintsha ububanzi beelensi, kodwa sinokulawula i-flux yelensi yelensi yomngxunya enendawo eguqulweyo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-aperture.

Jonga ngononophelo kwilensi yekhamera yakho. Ukuba ujonga ilensi, uya kubona ukuba i-aperture yenziwe ngamabala amaninzi. Amagqabi akha i-apertud anokuthathwa ngokukhululekileyo ukulawula ubungqingqwa bokukhanya kokukhanya okudlula kwilensi.

Akunzima ukuqondakala ukuba i-aperture enkulu, ibe nkulu umnqamlezo - Indawo yecandelo le-beam ingena kwikhamera ngokusebenzisa i-aperture iya kuba. Ngokuchasene noko, incinci encinci i-aperture yi, incinci umnqamlezo - Indawo yecandelo le-beam ingena ikhamera ngokusebenzisa ilensi iya kuba.

2. Uhlobo lwe-Aperture

1) Ilungisiwe

Ikhamera elula inesiseko esisisigxina esimiselweyo.

2) Iliso lekati

I-CAT ye-Aperture yeliso idityaniswe ngephepha lesinyithi kunye ne-oval okanye idayimani emngxunyeni kwiziko, elihlulwe laba ziihafu ezimbini. I-caper ye-cat yekati isenziwa ngokulungelelanisa amaphepha amabini entsimbi kunye ne-oval oval okanye i-semi yedayimane inomngxunya kwaye ibaleke inomlinganiso omnye komnye. I-Aperture ye-CAT ihlala isetyenziswa kwiikhamera ezilula.

3) I-IRIS

Idityaniswe nenani le-arc egqithisileyo - I-Blades ezinqabileyo ezinqabileyo. I-clutch ye-blade inokutshintsha ubungakanani be-aperture ephakathi. Amagqabi amaninzi e-IRIS diaphragm kunye nobume obujikelezayo obujikelezayo, inzala ebonakalayo engcono inokufunyanwa.

I-3. I-Aperture isebenze.

Ukuveza ubungakanani be-aperture, sisebenzisa inombolo ye-F /. Umzekelo, F1.5

F = 1 / i-adrtriture ye-adretrate.

I-Aperture ayilingani nenombolo, ngokuchaseneyo, ubungakanani be-aperture budly ngokulinganayo kwinani. Umzekelo, ilensi ene-aperture enkulu inenombolo yenani elincinci le-F kunye nenombolo encinci yolawulo; Ilensi ene-aperture encinci inenombolo enkulu.

4. Yintoni ubunzulu bendawo (i-DOF)?

When taking a picture, theoretically, this focus will be the clearest position in the final imaging picture, and the surrounding objects will become more and more blurred as their distance from the focus increases. Uluhlu lwengcinga ecacileyo ngaphambi nasemva kokugxila kubunzulu bentsimi.

I-DOF inxulumene nezinto ezintathu: Ukugxila kumgama, ubude obujolise kwi-aniserture.

Ngokubanzi, umgama ojongene nokugxininisa ekugxilwe kuwo, omncinci kubunzulu bentsimi. Ubude obude bubude, buncinane amachaphaza amachaphaza. I-aperture enkulu, incinci i-dof yoluhlu.

5. Izinto ezisisiseko ezimisela i-dof

I-Aperture, ubude obugxile, i-ITATAL, kunye nesizathu sokuba ezi zinto zichaphazela ubunzulu bendawo yefoto yefoto yimeko enye ye-pile:

Kwiimpawu ze-theoreting, xa ukukhanya kudlula kwilensi, kuya kudibana kwindawo ekugxilwe kuyo ukwenza inqaku elicacileyo, eliya kuba yindawo ecacisa ukuba icinga.

Ngapha koko, ngenxa yokuguqulelwa, ingcinga yokucinga yento ayinakukwazi ukuguqulela kwinqanaba kwaye isebenze isangqa kwiProjekthi yePlanethi yemifanekiso, ebizwa ngokuba yisandla sokusasazwa.

Imifanekiso esiyibonayo iqokelelwe yingqatha enkulu nencinci yokudideka. Isangqa sedissosion esenziwe ngenqaku kwisikhundla ekugxilwe kuzo sisimo esicacileyo kwifoto. Ububanzi besangqa sedissousion eyenziwe ngenqaku ngaphambili nasemva kokugxilwa kwifoto ngokuthe ngcembe bube bungabonakali ngamehlo. Isangqa esibalulekileyo sokudideka sibizwa ngokuba yi "Isangqa sedission esivumelekileyo". Ububanzi besangqa esivumelekileyo simiselweyo simiselwe ngamandla akho enkcazo ngamehlo.

Umgama phakathi kwesangqa sedission evumelekileyo kwaye ugxininiso lubonisa isiphumo sefoto, kwaye ichaphazela ubunzulu bendawo yefoto.

I-6. Ukuqonda ngokuchanekileyo impembelelo ye-aperture, ubude obujolise kuyo kunye nomgama wento kwintsimi yentsimi

I-1) i-aperture enkulu, incinci kubunzulu bentsimi.

Xa ibala lemifanekiso yembono, isisombululo somfanekiso kunye nomgama wento silungisiwe,

I-Aperture inokutshintsha umgama phakathi kwesangqa esivumelekileyo sokuvumelana kunye nokugxila ngokulawula i-Angle yenziwa xa ukukhanya kungena kwikhamera yentsimi yomfanekiso. I-aperture encinci iya kwenza i-engile yokukhanya incinci, ivumela umgama phakathi kwesandiso sesandla kwaye kugxilwe ixesha elide, kwaye ubunzulu bentsimi bufanele bube nzulu; I-aperture enkulu yenza ukuba i-angle yokukhanya inkulu kakhulu, ivumela isangqa sesangqa esikufutshane nokugxila kugxile kugxile kwintsimi.

I-2) ixesha elide eligxile kakhulu, ubunzulu bobunzulu bentsimi

Ubude obungaphantsi kobude obugxile, emva komfanekiso buyenzile, isangqa sokudinwa esivumelekileyo siyakufuphi kugxile kugxile, kwaye ubunzulu bentsimi buza kuba ncam.

3) Ukusondelela umgama odubulayo, ubunzulu bendawo yentsimi

Ngenxa yokunqunyulwa komgama wokudubula, ngokufanayo notshintsho lobude obugxile, itshintsha ubungakanani bomfanekiso wento yokugqibela, efana nokukhulisa isangqa sedission emfanekisweni. Isikhundla sesangqa sokudinwa esivumelekileyo siya kugwetywa ukuba sisondele kugxile kugxile kwintsimi yentsimi.